Evolving techniques and future perspectives in minimally invasive orthopedic surgery.

Abstract

Minimally invasive orthopedic surgery has transformed the management of musculoskeletal disorders by reducing surgical trauma, shortening hospitalization, accelerating rehabilitation, and improving clinical outcomes. Over the past two decades, technological innovations, including arthroscopic techniques, robotic-assisted surgery, computer-assisted navigation, laser technologies, three-dimensional (3D) imaging, and regenerative medicine, have significantly expanded the possibilities of orthopedic interventions. These advances enable surgeons to achieve greater precision while minimizing damage to surrounding tissues. This article reviews recent developments in minimally invasive orthopedic surgery and discusses future directions that are expected to further improve patient care and surgical efficiency.