Current perspectives on pediatric arrhythmias: clinical features and treatment options.

Abstract

Cardiac arrhythmias in children represent a diverse group of disorders characterized by abnormalities in heart rate, rhythm, or impulse conduction. Although many pediatric arrhythmias are benign, some may result in serious complications, including syncope, heart failure, and sudden cardiac death. The causes of arrhythmias in children range from congenital heart defects and genetic disorders to infections, metabolic abnormalities, and structural heart disease. Advances in electrocardiography, Holter monitoring, electrophysiological studies, and catheter ablation have significantly improved diagnostic accuracy and treatment outcomes. Early recognition and appropriate management are essential for preventing complications and ensuring normal cardiovascular function. This article reviews the etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and current treatment strategies for pediatric cardiac arrhythmias.