The role of MMP3 gene polymorphism (rs679620) in intervertebral disc degradation

Abstract

Matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3) is a key enzyme responsible for the degradation of extracellular matrix components, particularly type II collagen and proteoglycans  and therefore plays a central role in intervertebral disc remodeling [1]. Increased expression and activity of MMP3 lead to disruption of the structural integrity of the annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus , accelerating disc degeneration and promoting the formation of protrusions and herniations [2,3]. Polymorphisms in the MMP3 locus (including functionally significant promoter variants and nucleotide substitutions, such as rs679620) have been associated with an increased risk of degenerative disc changes in a number of population studies, making this gene a promising molecular marker of predisposition [4]. From a clinical point of view, studying the role of MMP3 is important for predicting disease progression, stratifying the risk of relapse, and developing targeted rehabilitation and therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating proteolytic activity in intervertebral structures [5].